Here, under three marble slabs, poor animals were buried; Under one of the slabs there was a cellar: Zemira recently died. Catherine told Segur about her, and regretted that no one had composed some kind of epitaesh for Zemira. Segur kindly volunteered to write one. He just wanted to know what the dead woman was like.
“I believe that it will be enough for you to know,” the empress objected, “that she was born from two English dogs: Tom and Lady, that she had many virtues and was only sometimes a little evil.” That was enough; Epitae! I was soon ready. It was written in French.
“Epitaph of Zemira (revolution).
Zemira has fallen, and the saddened Grashas must na-. throwing flowers on her grave. Like Tom, her ancestor, like Lady, her mother, she was constant in her inclinations, easy on the ground and had only one drawback - she was a little angry; but her heart was kind. When you love, you fear everything, but Zemira loved the one whom the whole world loves as much as she does. Is it possible to be calm when there are so many nations competing! The gods, witnesses of her tenderness, should have rewarded her for her fidelity with immortality, so that she could be constantly with her mistress,”
The empress liked these verses so much that she ordered them to be carved on a stone that served as a tombstone.
monument Zemir.
CATHERINE', LI \ 2
GU. NOVOROSSYA.
Novorossiya, where Catherine Fkhat was going, was a truly new region for Russia. During the whole millennium of its history, the Russian people could not freely settle in the steppes, where nomads ruled; the entire southern region with its rich Cherpozem was closed to Russian colonization; Only fugitive Cossacks who had nowhere else to go only dared to go down there, and even then with great care. Only with Ivan the Terrible began the movement to the south, beyond the Oka, where Russian cities began to be built in the steppe - Tula Orel and others; and over the course of two centuries, five fortified lines grew up one after another, five rows of fortresses, with ramparts, ditches and entrenchments, leading the Russian refuge further and further to the south. Roseya gradually turned to face the south, the population descended to the south, to the “red gold” of the southern black soil, the inexhaustible riches of the cultivated country, the noon land, opened up before the Russian people. The desire for the Black Sea began.
Until half of the 19th century, the spaces to the south of Yuev and Chernigov, Poltava and Kharkov remained empty and uninhabited. The Ukrainian fortified line, erected by Minich, was the southern border of Russia. Only on the Dnieper did the Cossacks move deeper into the steppe. From the half of the 19th century the settlement of the steppes south of this line began, - Crimea came into being settled and.
no longer inspired the same fear. Under Elizabeth Petrovna, settlers from the Slavic south rushed here - Serbs, Croats from Austria; they came here in full regiments, with their colonels - Horvat, Shevich, Preradovich at the head, and settled throughout the entire space from the southern Bug - through the Dzpr - to the St. Donets; Military settlements grew up, new hussar regiments were formed, new Russian outskirts were settled, Novoserbia, Slavyanoserbia.
Catherine II allowed Russian refugees, schismatics and others who had previously fled abroad to settle there. By 1764, there were already up to 200 villages and over one hundred thousand inhabitants.
After Catherine's first Turkish war, the southern edge of Russia moved even further south and reached the Black Sea - in two branches, in Kerch and Azov5 - and in Kinburnf - covering the Crimea on both sides. Overshadow the steel of Russian vladfem and Tatarsk. Crimea. The movement to the Black Sea was completed; Now it was necessary to populate new areas and secure them firmly for Russia. Potemkin was put in charge of this dfl. From 1774 he became the chief commander of Novorossiya, and from 1777 the two provinces of the lower Volga region, Saratov and Astrakhan, were also subordinate to him; all of southern Russia was now in his hands; four large Russian rivers: the Bug, the Dnfpr, the Don and the Volga, flowed into the seas during his reign; he was the governor of the three southern seas of Russia, the Black, Azov and Kastya; the entire “inhabited country” submitted to his unified authority.