d) The Central Committee of the Industrial Union. Besides the above mentioned organs there are the Industrial Unions. The central committees of these industrial unions have a membership of 15-21. These central committees are elected by the local district and provincial committees of the unions in question. The functions of these central committees of the industrial unions are about the same as those of the Central Council of the All-Russian Unions, only they are specially adapted for the particular industry such as metal, textile, or food stuffs. They occupy themselves in particular with the elaboration of tariffs, serve as information and propaganda bureaus, have charge of the central supply of the special kind of working clothes for the workers of their calling, which are necessary for the work, and send instructors to the lower sub-committees. There are also special commissions or boards elected by these central committees in connection with the Supreme Council of National Economy. Such boards formed, with the corresponding departments of the S. C. of N. E., the Central Committee of the Industrial Unions of the foodstuff industry, the machinery industry, the electrical industry and all those which had charge of the provisioning of the country. It was the duty of these boards to take part in the provisioning. In January 1920 there were 32 Industrial Unions and an equal number of central committees. At the last III. congress it was, however decided to undertake amalgamations which will reduce the number to 23.
e) The Provincial Committee is the next organ with which the Central Committee of the Industrial Unions has direct relations. It consists of 5-9 members. Each union has such a provincial committee. There is a provincial committee of the unions of the metal workers, the foodstuffs workers, etc. This provincial committee is elected by the local district (Kreis) committees and_ the shop councils. Its functions are to carry out the instructions given it by the Central Committee of the Industrial Unions. To this provincial committee the Supreme Council of National Economy also send a representative, in order to help the committees in their work.
f) The Local District Committee is in its functions a daughter organization of the provincial committee. Each union has such a local district committee. Thus, there is one for the metal industry, one for the foodstuffs industry, etc. The local district committee is elected by the shop councils or factory committees.
g) The Factory Committees. The lowest organs of the unions, which are also called cells, are the factory committees or shop councils. They are elected by the workers. Their tasks or functions were worked out about the middle of 1918 by the Central Council of the Ail-Russian Unions, which consists only of party communists and were announced to the workers as decrees. They read as follows:
1. The shop councils, according to the decision of the central council of the unions, take all measures desirable for welding together the workers and employees of an enterprise into a productive organization.
2. They establish am.ong the workers and employees a strict proletarian discipline determined by the union.
3. To watch over the rigid enforcement of all measures and rules by the Commissariat of Labor for the protection of the worker and to devise ways and means of improving the conditions of work.
4. They investigate whether the establishment has enforced all the rules of the Supreme Council aiming at the increase of production and the maintenance of business procedure.
5. They enforce strictly and exactly the mutual observance of the tariff agreements and normal productivity.
6. They exercise full control over the work.
7. They undertake the supplying of the workers with the articles needed, in accordance with the rules of the foodstuffs authorities. For that purpose they enter into connection with the corresponding organizations and establish people's kitchens, consumers* 'unions, etc.
8. They execute the decisions of the workers grievance committees and the punishments measured out by these, in accordance with the tariff agreements.