s for- ‘Ezedeni and sanitary stations in the interior of the Empire,’
On the fronts, only the institutions of the Military VFdomstvo and the Red Cross will work. But the enormous size and variety of forms of medical, sanitary and nutritional assistance required at the front soon forced the Union to significantly expand its activities and extend it to the front of the army. In addition, in addition to medical, sanitary and nutritional assistance to sick and wounded soldiers, the Union soon took an active part in resolving many other tasks posed by the circumstances of the war. baths, laundry and food warehouses. Finally, the Union organized the collection of skins of killed cattle at the fronts, set up a mechanical workshop and, recently, took over large-scale bridge work and the organization of working teams for digging.
t of trenches.
To unite the huge number of various institutions of the Union working on the front, and for the general management of their work, front committees were formed, which in a short time grew into very large organizations, involving many departments and hundreds of institutions at the front. Currently, such committees
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There are four and the total number of institutions working for the front is distributed among them as follows: The Supreme Committee (in Pinsk) by December 1 there were 176 institutions; The Western Committee (in Minsk) had 931 institutions by January 1; The South-Western Committee (in Kyiv) had 1239 established by January 1, and the Caucasus Committee (in Tielis) had 214 institutions by January 1. Thus, by January 1, 2,560 institutions of the All-Russian Zemstvo Union were working on the Fronts.
The following essay attempts to give a brief history of the development, activity and growth of one of the front-line
) meetings of the Southwestern Front Committee.
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The All-Russian Land Union decided to begin work in Galishchi soon after Lvov was occupied by Russian troops.
At the beginning of September 1914, the Main Committee of the All-Russian Zemstvo Union proposed to the army commander, General Brusilov, to send two advanced dressing and feeding detachments at his disposal.
General Brusilov responded with the following telegram: “Accept my deepest gratitude and the Armenian. I ask you to send nutritional points to Lvov for movement directly for the army.”
Upon receiving this telegram, the Main Committee formed the first and second dressing and nutrition detachments, the leaders of which were N. M. Rodzianko and N. P. Kharitonov.
The detachments were formed almost simultaneously and arrived in Lvov in October - the first detachment in mid-October, the second at the end.
Having set out from Lvov, the first detachment served behind the corps to which it was assigned, and many times it had to move forward the fly squad and provide assistance to the wounded under fire. In addition, the detachment twice took over the hospital treatment of the sick and wounded.
At first the detachment opened a small hospital in the village of Tarčanovice, which was soon closed because the detachment had to move to another location.
Later - in mid-December - the detachment served with its personnel and supplies the two remaining hospitals of the Austrians, in which, along with the wounded, there were also infectious patients: cholera, typhus, and desinterics. The detachment was occupied with this work for ten days, until the army and hospitals were left behind, to which the sick and wounded could be transferred.
The second detachment, leaving Lvov later than the first, began its activities at the end of November. During the battles at the RZKB Rab and near the city of Bochnia, the detachment had to work day and night and in several days provided assistance to a significant number of wounded.
Both detachments, moving behind their units, spent a lot of time on the road, since they were insufficiently supplied with vehicles. In addition, the work of the detachments was slowed down due to the fact that the lower personnel, consisting of civilian orderlies, turned out to be poorly adapted to the work, and more changes had to be made to its composition.
In total, the first detachment at the end of 1914 received 1,112 people for the wounded and sick and transported 344 people. During this time, the second detachment bandaged, fed and transported. approximately 2000 people.
Soon after the advance detachments arrived in Galicia, the Main Committee of the All-Russian Zemstvo Union sent its representatives S.P. Shlikevich and F.I. Gayarin there, who were instructed to maintain contact with those operating in Galicia dressing and feeding detachments, setting up food warehouses for sick and wounded soldiers and organizing the further work of the Zemstvo Union in Galishchi.