ditch, heads there from the mouth of the Kama, where it goes from the VKama piers and especially from the Belaya river, which is distinguished by its abundance of water and good depth in the spring. All this, taking into account the taken, heading towards Astrakhan, along the way feeds with itself many piers of those treeless storms that characterize the lower reaches of the Volga. As for the two main tributaries of the Volga, the Kama and Oka, then, thanks to the constant high water content of the first and the gradually progressive shallowing of the second, the trade freight traffic of the first is constantly increasing, while the second, if not falling, is growing relatively very slowly. The reasons for the shallowing are, of course, the same as the reasons for the shallowing, for example, of the Uey River, which not so long ago was a navigable river, but now can be crossed out from among those: the extermination of rivers; The fewer people there were along the banks of the Oka, the more careful it was to protect them from extermination; the best proof is the Kama: it is constantly abounding in water and to this day has a considerable number of lakes both on its banks and on its banks significant tributaries.
Let us now move on to a brief outline of navigation on the Volga.
The first large ship, already with the name of the ship and with the name “Frederik”, appeared on the Volga in 1686; it was built in Nizhny Novgorod by M. Cordes, after the destruction of Tsar Mikhail Feodorovich, on behalf of Duke Friedrich of Schleswig-Holstein. On September 15 of that year, the ship Frederin left Nizhny down the Volga with the aim of establishing trade relations with Permea and, in general, with the countries of the Kassian coast. The expedition ended in failure: the ship was wrecked off the western coast of Kassh. On the Frederick, among other passengers, was the famous Adam Olearty, who undertook this voyage for scientific purposes. One of the monuments of this journey is a drawing by Olearius depicting the city of Samara in 1686, we can offer the reader's attention in the exact Cauchy,
A little later, during the reign of Alexy Mikhailovich, in 1667, the Tsar’s decree on the construction of ships in the village of Dyednov (Kolomenskoye district, Moscow province) followed; The primary goal is, again, to develop trade relations with Perseus and, moreover, to strengthen the means for the struggle of government power with the “lower freemen,” with Stenka Razin at its head, who was difficult to defeat at that time. This time the builders of the ships were: a Dutchman, a colonel of the Russian service, Cornemus von Bukoven, a Dutch merchant von Sveden and the Dutch craftsmen brought by the latter; equipment, tools and the main core of the crew were all Dutch. On May 1, 1669, the ship "Eagle", a yacht, two boats and a boat were rafted from the village of Ddnova to Nizhny Novgorod, and the "Orel" sailed to Astrakhan. But this expedition also suffered a sad fate; a year later, when Astrakhan was surrounded by Razin’s freemen, the “Eagle”, stationed near the city, was burned by robbers, and its crew was privately killed, often unraveled.