25 versts below Samara, the village of Vinnovka offers a number of picturesque landscapes. Before even reaching Samara, the Ukeguli move away to the southwest from the right bank and under the name of the Shemkmeshevsky mountains, a continuous rock layer stretches exactly to Vinnovka. Behind this village, on the right bank, the villages of Ermakovo and Koltsovka are visible; between them rises the lonely Church of the Transfiguration, opposite which, on the left bank of the Volga, is the Maina, or Yukaterinovka, pier, one of the outstanding grain piers and the first steamship station below Samara. The village of Ekaterinivka on the Main River lies five
Neighborhoods of Samara.
verstakh from the pier. Below you can see the villages and settlements: Mordovka, Brusina, Ryazan, Perevoloka, Pecherskoe and Kostychi. The name Pechersky came from many caves (in Metny - “nechor”), washed out by water in the coastal marl. Hence the name Pechersk Mountains for a series of hills, the whole of which stretches for dozens of miles, all the way to Vostychy.
The Pechersya Mountains contained a huge amount of black limestone, in other words asealt, occurring in layers between the layers of Limestone and clearly visible along the steep coastal cliffs. During the flood, the Volga, washing away the steep bank and slightly breaking it off, thereby contributes to the asealt industry, facilitating the extraction of this important material. The size of the asealt layers and its quality, the richness of the bitumen it contains (mountain resin) Pechersviya asealga deposits are rich in Europe; Only the mines in the Abruzzi (in Italli) can compete with them. First layer of asealt
— 108 in the Pechersk Mountains, very rich in bitumen (up to 29°/5), lying only at a depth of half a fathom; Below it lies a number of other layers containing bitumen in quantities from 12% to 18°/0. The total area in the Pecherek region is supposed to be up to a pood. Its rather successful development delivers this important material not only to the immediate area, but also to distant centers. Moscow sidewalks, pavements, many floors in various public buildings - all this is covered with asealt, mined in the Pechersk Mountains. Most of these asealt deposits were discovered by the city of Voeikov, who spent a lot of money on serious research and improvement of asealt processing. Currently, there are two assealt factories in Syzran: the plant of the Pechersk Assealt Industry Partnership, founded in 1873, and the other, opened in 1875, the former Voeykova, now the Syzran Assealt Partnership. Asealt production in Rosa is essentially very modern, but still, in the last 25 years of its existence, it has managed to overcome the prejudice regarding the advantages of everything foreign: the Soviet Asealt has not only eliminated foreign from the transport of the city of Russia, but has also penetrated abroad. In the Volga region, where it successfully replaces both wood and cast iron (sidewalks, drainpipes, etc.) and where, moreover, it costs very little, thanks to the low cost of transportation, Syzran asealt is very common.
20 versts above Syzran, near the village of Novye Kostychi, a gigantic railway bridge is thrown across the Volga, which is one of the greatest and most impressive built in the world. Even English technicians, the highest authorities in this matter, find that this bridge is a striking example of the art of construction *). The bridge was opened on August 80, 1880, on the name day of the late Emperor Alexander Ts in Boz, and therefore it was named “Alexandrovsky”.
The construction of the Aleksandrovskaya Bridge presented a great deal of difficulty because the Volga, with its enormous width and the masses of water it carries, can sometimes be quite catastrophic in floods, the high level of which had to be taken into account both during the design and construction of the bridge. Engineer Professor Belelyubsvyuy, the author of the bridge project, was forced to draw up this project three times, unwittingly increasing the final cost of the struggle against the upcoming and ever-present difficulties. The first entrepreneur of the work, the famous bridge builder A.E. Struve, took upon himself the obligation to build the bridge, failed to cope with this task and, having suffered losses in the case, left the business. Following him, the entrepreneur engineer Mikhailov, was very happy: thanks to the chief employee of the project, engineer Berezin, who is precisely the builder of the bridge, the Alexander Bridge was began and ended with construction according to the third project of Professor Bflelubek,
than the work lasted three years, since the first caisson was lowered into the water on August 11, 1877, and the opening of the bridge, as stated above, followed on August 80, 1880.