The citizens, living mostly in cities, used the Magdeburg law granted by the kings, i.e. we have city self-government and therefore do not depend on the lords. It cannot be said that even a simple Polish ambassador easily turned into a completely obedient workforce serving to enrich the Poles; True, the peasants worked for the master, but they did it extremely reluctantly, often fled to Zaporozhye to the Cossacks and looked at everything Polish as alien and hostile to them; Such alienation between the lords and their peasants came mainly from the division of language between them and others.
So, the Cossacks, this stronghold of the people against the masters’ plots, as well as the difference in language between the Poles and Russians, were the reasons that prevented the greedy and arrogant gentlemen from seizing the beautiful Ukraine into their hands.
The gentry understood that in order to quickly and successfully achieve their goal it was necessary to completely destroy or, in other words, extreme, to significantly weaken both the Cossacks and the Russian people in Ukraine.
We already know what the Poles came up with for the disempowered Cossacks: this is a register; only 6 thousand families entered it, receiving the rights of the gentry, and the remaining 40 or 50 thousand had to turn from Cossacks, i.e. free residents, to the embassy, i.e. lenten; this peace, as we will see below, cost Poland very expensive. To eliminate the difference in language and language, the Poles made a lot of efforts, but if the Polish language is like Pansky, i.e. master, and found some followers - either because of the convenience of relations with the Poles, for example, among traders, or simply because they wanted to pose as nobles - then, on the other hand, all the attempts of the Poles to convert the Russian people to Catholicism suffered complete failure. It was then that the Poles came up with the idea of introducing “church unyo”, i.e. a union of churches, Orthodox and Catholic, under the general leadership of the Pope, in the same way as the Lublin political settlement was introduced.
Among the Russians there were traitors who, out of self-interest and a desire to please the Poles, agreed to accept the church’s ‘uno; Their agreement, of course, would not have had any power and significance if several of the highest Orthodox spiritual leaders had not been among them.
This is how a dishonest, deceitful way was introduced: in 1590, a council of Russian bishops gathered in Brest to jointly write a petition to the king for the protection of the Orthodox people from the highest Catholic clergy, who in every possible way oppressed them for their stubborn firmness in the faith of their fathers. To Bishop Kirill Terletsky of Lutsk, signed. All those present were given a white paper on which he was supposed to write a request to the king for the protection of the Orthodox faith, but Terletsy deceived the trust of the council and on the paper given to him, instead of the mentioned request, he wrote a request to the Pope on behalf of all Orthodox Christians. This request stated that all Orthodox Christians agree to recognize the head of the church in the Pam and believe like Catholics, with the condition that the church service be performed as before, according to the rites of the Eastern (Orthodox) Church in Russian. Terletsky was joined by Metropolitan Mikhail Ragoza,
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Dissatisfied with something about the Patrarch of Constantinople. and Bishop of Vladimir Volyn Ignaliy Potsy.
Terletsai and Potsey went to Rome and brought the Russian Church to the feet of Pope Clement. Napa held a celebration on this occasion; this was in 1595, the time from which the church union was considered an evil accomplished. The Patrarch of Constantinople, having learned about this, sent Bishop Nikieor to Ukraine, who in 1596 gathered a council of Orthodox bishops in Brest and called Terletsky and Potsey to trial... but they refused to appear. Then the council declared them. deposed, i.e. deprived of the episcopal and priestly ranks and betrayed by Anaea; The yushats responded by excommunicating the entire Orthodox cathedral.