2) So for example. book Cont. Iv. Ostrozhsyu was at the same time the headman of Lutsk, Braslav, Vinnitsa (and the castle of Vilensky), prince. Fyodor Sangushkovich - headman of Vladimir, Bratslavek, Vinnitsa and marshal of the Volyn land. The Mozyrek eldership was held in 1552 by Narbut, the voivode of Podlyasemy. Yan, buy Vilensyu, keep Vuremenets, Zhytomyr. There was often one person in Lutsk® who was the eluchnik, the torodnichim, and the bridgeman; nym Dakhno in 1587, combining these positions, was also the headman of Kremenets, and later a certain Bivernitsy was the headman, mayor and housekeeper of Lutsk.
YUZHNORUSSKTE GOSPODARSKGV CASTLES IN HALF H\T V. 17
about the interests of their patrons and their own in this order. In Lutsk in 1545, they complained that neither the headman nor the mayor could live in the castle and the constables should not be kept permanently: “not just for the sake of it, but one enemy would gnaw at the headman, but for an hour and for one week two shifts”; They complained about the disorder that arose from their positions as laborer and briber, but these complaints remained without consequence 1).
The Ukrainian castle and bridges had to be built and repaired without dividing the entire populace of the Povft. This is an old and general principle of the zemstvo structure. In the books of the book. Alexander Koratovich 1375 To the Smotryche Dominican monastery, the people who besiege the monastery on this territory undertake to take part in the Ukrfileniya of the Smotryche castle, in opposition to all the boyars and peasants 2). In the famous Gorodelsky privilege, which provided benefits to the Lithuanian Catholic nobility, the latter recognized, however, the obligation to build and repair castles, serve military service and pay taxes (3 8). Equally, it was the privilege of Kazimfa (1457), who equalized the rights of the Lithuanian class with the Polish, freeing spiritual and noble subjects from various “unjust works,” to preserve “work for the development of our new cities (castles), and correcting the old ones,” the construction of bridges, the giving of money; We want all this, to say the king is “indestructible”, & and we always want to imft those who are not free” 3). The peasants were released from these duties only by the statute of 1588^).
But this general position of the castles under consideration applied only to those with Fverny, located among a relatively large and dense population - Ovruchek, Chernobyl, Mozyr; these castles are built “by the people of the rulers,
1) Memorial 1\., 2. 93-94. In 1560, again, Iv turned out to be the housekeeper, mayor and bridge worker. Borzobogaty (Ak. Yu. and 3. R. P. No. 1839).
2) Acts 3. R. T. No. 4. The authenticity of this document, however, is suspected by some, 6m. Castles according to history Lithuania Rus. tosud. N.P. Dashkevich s. 77.
3) Acts 3. R. T. No. 61 (Article 76).
4) Separate the art. 29, see in isoledov. about the peasants of Novitsky Arch. U[; 1, p. 72.
M. GRUSHEVSET.
mixed and voloscheny and people of princes, masters, boyars" \), under the supervision of the headman or any of the local zemyans. Zumki Volynsve - Vladimeey, Lutsyu, Kremenetsy were in the 060th situation: the last two were stone, Vladimrey stood without perestroika for almost an evil long time, built by Kazishr Yagailovich, at his expense. The carrion was visually repaired, the town was maintained, and so on among the local nobility, especially the large ones, and it is already quite clear that the king was eager to free himself from the duties that lay upon him in his letter to the Volyn nobility, which was mentioned above, this is confirmed by the inventory data. the nobles complain that the constables “shut down the elders”; in Krementsv they complain that noble nobles “do not become greedy obedience in front of the elders and do not perform greedy obedience and serve (excuses themselves) with the Lord of Vilensky and the Trotsky district” 3). When building their private castles, the nobles “attach” their estates to them and refuse to participate in the renovation of the castle, although in this case “obedience to the state of the castle”
It’s not good to omit the head of the gift“ “). Meanwhile, most of the territory of the povets passed into the hands of the nobility, the townspeople were removed from castle work and imposed monetary duties, and thus the castles found themselves in difficult situations.
bed,