From the available statistical data, it is possible to see what results were obtained in the public and private Cossack households during the last seven years. These results must be considered good; but, on the other hand, one cannot remain silent about the fact that they demanded from the administration and the population a terrible tension of all forces, which, as an abnormal, artificially elevated one, cannot and should not continue in the same way in the future. Sooner or later, a reaction must occur, since the discrepancy between service requirements and the means of satisfying them is too great. It is the task of a modern administrator to dress this up more properly.
in b
Among the most important secrets that are necessary and possible to introduce into the troops without special costs to improve the people's well-being and maximize the ability of the Cossack to serve his military service, at present it is necessary to include the following:
r) The order of military service of the Cossack has been changed and it has become cheaper to equip him for service.
2) Improving agriculture and the world, tending to raise its economic well-being.
3) Improvement of public education, court and local administration.
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Military service. Ve
The military service of a Cossack *) lasts 20 years. It consists of three major periods: preparatory level for 3 years, service in the priority units for 4 years and being in preferential teas for 13 years. The last ‘period’ is divided into the 2nd stage of 4 years; 3rd stage 4 years and reserve category 5 lt.
° According to the regulations, in the first year of being in the preparatory category, a Cossack is exempt from all duties and prepares everything necessary for service. For the second and third years he studied military affairs in the villages in the winter for 7 weeks and then spent 7 weeks in the camp. After reaching the age of 2, he is sent to a part of the t-th line. Then, upon returning home, he is enlisted in the regiments of the 2nd line and then in the regiments of the 3rd stage. After this, he is transferred to the reserve category. |
From the second year of enrollment in the preparatory category, a Cossack is obliged to bring his own horse, uniform and equipment. He must maintain all this in full service for 2 years in the training category and 12 years in the combat category (4 years in units of the 1st line and 8 years in the 2nd and 3rd stages), i.e., during 14 years. In the reserve category, he is obliged to bring only weapons and equipment.
Preferential Cossacks of the 2nd stage and third age of the 3rd stage are annually called up for 3 weeks in camp training and VSB at the autumn inspection
*) Regulations on the military service of the Cossacks of the Orenburg Cossack Army (Order on the military department of 1876 No. 210).
inspections in the villages to inspect uniforms, weapons, equipment and combat horses.
While the Cossacks are in the preparatory and combat ranks, their official duties do not allow them to be dismissed from the villages on long vacations. 'Nursery activities in the villages and camps, as well as autumn shows, require their personal presence. Only occasionally can a Cossack go on annual leave and be exempt from camp training and inspections, but these cases are surrounded by such difficulties, such formalities that they are only considered to be extremely difficult and unnecessary *).
Thus, from 18 to 39 years of age, i.e., the best time of his life, the Cossack spends his time in service, either in actual service, or in anticipation of this service, and all this time is tied to the job. By shutting him down, the existing order paralyzes any initiative in him, any spirit of enterprise and keeps him at the lowest level of economic development in constant anxiety of being cut off from business.
This is one of the main reasons that, in general, strongly affect the well-being of the Cossack. Therefore, in order to raise it, it is necessary first of all to eliminate this reason, that is, to give the Cossack the opportunity to spend his time in active service. The following means can be used to achieve this:.
r) Free the Cossack pre-training class from single occupations in the villages and laer, and send young Cossacks to the regiments as new
*) Order for the military department 1397 No. 277:
"brantsev, in the fall; s = so that during the Winter they are trained in the initial rites in the regiments, where there is both a suitable means and time for this. Training young Cossacks in the winter in the villages, as is now practiced, still 'does not achieve the goal, but only fruitlessly takes away they have time, which under other conditions they