Although at present all public forests are divided into plots, of which no more than one is allowed to be cut down annually, and supervision of stanitsa forests has been introduced through the appointment of obfzds and lfsniks elected by the societies from their midst, but this protection does not achieve the goal, because the guards, not receiving any support from society, cannot devote all their time to this duty, and therefore unauthorized The cuttings continue, if not as before, then still in very significant quantities. As long as the village ataman holds on, the lfs grows, but as soon as the weak man destroys it, unauthorized cuttings begin again, because the Cossack population does not understand the great significance of the lfs and is accustomed to looking at it as an object that everyone can dispose of at their own discretion.
This means that the army is of great importance not only for the entire army, but even for the whole region, as one of the main factors affecting the climate and the harvest of grain and food, it is necessary for the public villages to take control of the military authorities, to introduce proper management and protect them on the same basis as the military troops are protected,
And s that is, divide them into forestry departments, hire guards and subordinate them to the military commander. The costs of this item will almost be paid for by the amount of collection that is currently being made from incapable Cossacks to hire guards for the military forces, and for the protection of these last troops, the army can find other sources, in addition to this involuntary benefit from the village societies. It is also necessary to encourage the divorce of the LFS through artificial means. Thawing plantings are practiced in some villages of the 1st Division in quite large quantities. As an example in this regard, one can point to the village of Krasnokholmskaya, where rich groves grew, planted by residents. But most importantly, it is necessary to strengthen supervision in the way indicated above, and then after 200 years the army will completely change its physiognomy, turning, as if by magic, from deserted to covered with perelskis, especially the villages of the 2nd and 3rd divisions, where huge combat troops once grew.
Then it is necessary to accept the development of love for LFSU in general. This can be achieved through school. Let each student, when entering school, plant his own tree near it and take care of it while he is there. If you take the dbl seriously, this apparently insignificant circumstance will bear fruit: it will teach them to look at the dbl as something close and dear. As adults, they probably won’t be as reckless with public life as their fathers and brothers.
Gardening, in the strict sense of the word, does not exist in the army at all, although soil
V and the climatic conditions of the villages of the t-department, apparently, favor its development. So, in the villages of Krasnokholmskaya and partly Kardailovskaya, residents quite successfully grow apples and various berry bushes, such as raspberries, currants
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There are benefits, but the development of gardening in all villages can only be achieved with the help of an experimental garden set up at an agricultural school. b
Concluding the review of Cossack agriculture, it is impossible. not to notice that at present it is far from bringing him as many benefits as it could bring with more improved methods of management. Recently, the government itself and all the zemstvos have very energetically taken up the dissemination of agricultural knowledge to the people, rightly recognizing its enormous economic significance. There is no longer any reason for the army of darkness to lag behind this general trend, because improving its agriculture is one of its most pressing and pressing needs.
Side industries.
Mining. N$dra. military lands and lands of village societies abound with incalculable riches of gold and various ores, such as copper, iron, manganese, etc. One magnetic mountain with its surroundings contains melting wealth of “magnetic iron ore of the highest quality, which would be enough for a white-free existence for many years for the entire Orenburg army. It would seem that what would be better than not using such rare benefits! But, strange as it may seem, the Cossacks have until now received absolutely no benefits from these riches. On the contrary, these riches often served to their destruction. The reasons for this abnormal phenomenon are that precious metals are not the property of residents, and attention was paid to ores only very recently, when the question of building a railway in the Tsaritsyn-Chelyabinsk direction was raised.