In the house of Zazul (p. 16) they killed a daughter after torturing her a long time. A boy in the house received several wounds and pretended to be dead. The mother offered the murderers money, but they replied: "We have come only for your lives." According to the witness Glusmann (v. II, p. 17) he was in the street on Saturday, February 15, but militiamen advised him to go home. Arriving at home, he found 16 neighbors in his dwelling. From the window they saw a detachment of Gaidamaks, armed from head to foot, approaching the house in complete order. He tried to urge his wife and daughters to hide, fearing for their honor. But they refused to hide without him. The Gaidamaks drove them all out in the yard, and then one went to the gate and shouted to those who remained there: "Come here, here are a lot of Jews," The Gaida-
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maks soon surrounded them all. Glusmann found himself near the door leading to the cellar, and his family was beside him. He was struck twice with a bayonet and fell into the cellar; this saved him. His wife, who stood above, was killed. He also observed that a young wounded man asked to be shot. A Gaidamak shot at him twice. Then another said to him: "Why are you shooting? Didn't the Ataman say to cut them down, but not to shoot them?" The other answered: "I know, but what can I do? He asks me himself."
The massacre lasted from two to five in the afternoon. It probably would have lasted till late at night, but commissar Taranovich, who was not initiated into all the plans of Semosenko and Kiverchuk, was horrified at the sight of the bloody carnival enacted in the town. He flew to Semosenko and began urgently to request him to stop the massacre, but the other paid no attention to his words. Taranovich went to the telegraph office and over a direct wire informed the head of the government, Kamentsy, of what was happening in Proskurov. From there he learned that Konovalov, the commandant of the front, was on the spot, and Taranovich, also by direct wire, called the latter and informed him of what was going on. Konovalov at once telegraphed to Semosenko an order to put a stop to the massacre at once. Taranovich brought this order to Semosenko, who then said: "All right, for to-day we've had enough killing." By the signal of a horn the Gaidamaks were notified of the termination of their activities. The Gaidamaks then gathered at a place previously agreed upon and from there went in regular line of march, with songs, to the place of their bivouac at the station. The facts about what commissar Taranovich did were communicated by the witness Verkhola (p. 44-65), and are also established in the investigation conducted by the bolshevist regime regarding the acts of Taranovich. I have personally seen the material of this investigation.
We must be just to the Gaidamaks; they honestly fulfilled their oath; they cut down without mercy, but did not loot. In some houses they were offered money, and tore the money to bits. If there were individual cases of looting, they were exceptional. But, together with the Gaidamaks, some other Cossacks joined in massacring the Jews — mainly from Kiverchuk's hundred, and also militiamen. These, who were bound by no oath, not only slew, but also looted. But for the most part the robberies took place in the night after the massacre. They were not lootings in the strict sense of the words, but spiriting away of property which had been left, so to speak, ownerless,
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in consequence of the wholesale slaughter of families. In the stealing of this property an active part was taken by the criminal element, which had been released from prison, according to all information, by order of Kiverchuk, who did this apparently with the object of blaming what happened on them, in case of necessity. By the same Kiverchuk's orders the militia was disarmed, and only those militiamen remained armed who showed themselves accomplices of the Gaidamaks.