of Community Safety had had time to organize. On the 15th the Committee formed a guard of Russian workmen, which succeeded in stopping the pogrom. On Monday, May 21, a bolshevist detachment entered Kremenchug. During the time of the pogrom in the city there were 21 people killed. Besides this, the Grigorievist gang at the time of their departure massacred an entire Jewish family of five persons in Kriukov. While they were withdrawing towards the station the Kobeliak Grigorievists killed all the Jews they met.
KAMENKA ( F KIEV)
Kamenka is a town in the canton of Chigirin. It has about six thousand inhabitants; about 540 Jewish families. The pogrom was perpetrated by the Grigorievists in the middle of May, approximately May 14-20. There were 76 Jews killed (62 men and 14 women).
DISTRICT OF UMAN (UMAN, DUBOVO, LADYZHENKA, GOLOVANEVSK)
From Report of Authorised Investigator I. S. Braudo, of July 10, 1919
I think that the conditions in Uman and its canton are sufficiently explained in my preceding letters and telegrams. I will add only that I returned to-day — I slipped away from a trip through the canton. I was in the small town of Dubovo, twenty versts from Uman. The pogrom and massacre which have lasted there more than a month and a half have been so exceptional in their character and degree of ferocity, so rich in "pogrom-creativeness" and initiative, that one is inclined to believe that Dubovo is an unhappy exception in the records of pogroms in recent days. In a few days I shall communicate the chronological course of events and details, together with lists of the tortured and wounded. In Dubovo I succeeded in opening a feeding station for furnishing food (flour, potatoes, millet, and meat) to 280 people, among them 134 children. Under the present monstrous conditions there, it is impossible to furnish any other help. And at the present moment it is not certain what is happening to the Jewish population of Dubovo. I left the place hastily, since eight versts away in the direction of Golovanevsk some gang or other had again appeared and gone on the rampage.
Peasant cabmen returning to Dubovo report that they were stopped on the road to Golovanevsk by bandits, who took out the Jewish passengers and bade the peasants turn back and drive the horses fast, not looking around. A Christian inhabitant of the town, a man with an excellent past record, has been taken into the service as manager of the feeding station in Dubovo, and the Jews have entire confidence in him as to the work of assistance. The local Jews are so frightened and exhausted that not one of them would consent to manage the station, in spite of the dire need. There is no governmental victualling organ there. The provisions must be bought at market prices, which are arbitrary and capricious and change almost from hour to hour.
From Dubovo I intended to go to Golovanevsk, which is 25 versts from there. Golovanevsk, thanks to its exemplarily organized, self-denying, and excellently armed Jewish self-defense, has become the center in which the refugees of the whole district take refuge. There are more than 3,000 refugees there. The want is terrible. When I was in Dubovo, Golovanevsk was surrounded by rebels. Willy-nilly, I had to postpone my visit until the next "breathing-spell." In general, moving from place to place in the district involves great danger. Around the cities and towns are gangs, rebel bands, groups, crowds, mere peasantagriculturists with pitchforks and scythes, with various watchwords, with all sorts of demands, or without these flimsy excuses; all of them beat, torture and mutilate Jews. They count many village policemen their ringleaders. Almost all of these bear nicknames taken from popular stories or from criminal novels.
TALNOIE must also not be passed by without assistance. It is only 45 versts thither by cart; but the trip is dangerous. You have to go by train, and I am informed that the road has now been mended. I expect to go to-morrow or the next day. I fear, and I think not without reason, that the occurrences in Talnoie caused "spatters" [similar occurrences in the neighborhood] and that this locality has its Dubovo, Ladyzhenka, Kristinovka and the like.
In UMAN quiet has been established; the 8th and 1st Soviet regiments have left town. When I returned from Dubovo I did not know the place. The shutters, doors, and some shops were open; no firing was audible, and you saw no murdered gray-haired, long-skirted "communist"- Jews. In the city there is an international regiment, under revolutionary discipline. You can move freely through the town up to ten o'clock at night. It
UKRAINE
is only during the last two days that it has been possible to work calmly, reflectively.
The remainder of the report is devoted to the practical work in Uman and its district.