lock the door, while I jumped out of the window to flee across the yard. I had time to see that one soldier rushed into the room. When I crawled through the window the other soldier very soon caught me. He had a knife in one hand and a bare sabre in the other. He began to curse, and then added: "There, you communists, there, Buhl, there, Kulik!" As he said this he kept striking me blows with the knife. He demanded that I go to the "field headquarters," and took me there. The headquarters was located in Feldman's house. Many soldiers were standing there. When I was brought in I saw no other Jews. The soldiers when they saw me began to beat me. At this time a gentleman dressed as an officer arrived; he was of middle stature, well built, red-cheeked, apparently 35 or 3<J years of age. He began to give orders and commands. All commands he gave in the Russian language. As far as I could make out from what the soldiers said, this officer was Popov himself. In my presence he named two soldiers as executioners. One of these soldiers was a Moldavian, the other a Russian. In my presence, too, he explained to the soldiers: "Don't touch women, but cut down men." And he explained how they were to cut them down at the word of command: "One — raise sabres; two — lean over; three — strike." Then I was led into the cellar. When I went down with the executioners, I saw the first three bodies, which lay there. As was afterwards discovered, they were inhabitants of our town — Getzel Partigul, aged 70; Shaia Deigman, aged 35, and his son, aged 16. Near Getzel Partigul lay his hand, which had been cut off. The executioners picked up the hand and showed it to me, saying: "You see?" When I saw, and when I heard the command, I realized that a like fate was in store for me. I began to beg the executioners to shoot me, to which I received the reply: "Bullets are expensive." Then they ordered me to stand with face to the cellar, and at the word of command struck me on the head with a sabre. I lost consciousness and fell down below. I do not remember how I was carried out from the cellar. Now I am in the Jewish hospital at Uman.
HASKELL FILVERK. July 10, 1919.
III. Testimony of Hai-Sura Israelevna Rabinovich, Aged 40, Wife of a Smith, Illiterate
By a strange chance, our house for a long time did not attract the attention of the robber bands which raged and constantly kept killing and looting in our town. I went through almost a month of seclusion at home, with tightly closed shutters, listening sharply for every sound. After June 10 comparative quiet began to reign in the town. On June 17 two soldiers came into my house, who looked over my rooms and said that I should not go out anywhere but stay quietly at home. With these words they left. After some time, at about 12 noon, two other soldiers came, and two empty carts followed them. They at once began to make themselves at home. They began to gather in everything they saw, whether it was locked up or not All the things were loaded quietly and in a businesslike way on the carts which had come with them. Thus were stolen, among other things, all my table service, knives and forks, pillow-covers, even my old and half-worn-out market-basket. The earrings were taken out of my girl's ears, the rings torn off my fingers. When there was no longer anything left to steal in the room, the soldiers demanded matches and candles of me. Lighting candles, they went with me to the garret. All the things that I had hidden there they also took. I cannot omit to mention the following. There was in my house along with the soldiers, and afterwards many people in town saw her, a young woman, who spoke Jewish fluently. She kept talking in Jewish with me all the time they were searching in the garret, telling me not to be afraid, that they would not kill me. The soldiers obeyed her without question and did as she told them. In the garret she also said to me in Jewish: "You had better give them everything, or else what happened to me will happen to you, too. I was taken away by force." Whether she spoke the truth, whether she really was a Jewess, or some servant-girl who had learned Jewish from serving in Jewish families, I do not know. I have nothing more to add.