only the "Jews and communists" had spread rumors that Makhno was coming with a large army, etc. The agitation had success among the red soldiers, in spite of the protests of the classconscious ones, and of the entire party and workers' division, which continued to fight. The ranks of the Extraordinary Committee, perceiving the desire of the enemy to cease firing, also rose and went to meet the Grigorievists, waving their swords and not firing. But the situation was still such that it seemed that the Grigorievists were going to surrender. They, however, let them come close up, and then opened furious fire from machine guns, etc. This threw confusion into the ranks of the Extraordinary Committee, the ranks broke up, and most of them were taken prisoners. And when the neighboring part of the front gave way, evidently the section of the party and workers' division was also surrounded. Almost all of them were taken prisoners, being surrounded by both infantry and cavalry scouts, except those who fell in battle. The rest were driven during the retreat to the bridge. The rear of the battlefield at the close of the battle was the territory of the sugar- factory, all the houses belonging to bourgeois workmen who worked in the factory. They all knew of the defeat of the Soviet forces before the retreat on the left wing, because, as I said, the Grigorievist forces had entered the city long before. Most of them were armed and fired upon the retreating soldiers on their way to the bridge across the Dnieper. Others collected in gangs and seized them as they withdrew from the position, and killed them on the spot with stones, or dragged them from their horses. Even boys and women took part. From the thresholds and from behind the corners of the houses they fired on the soldiers going along the road to the Dnieper. They killed not only Red soldiers, but all who looked like Jews. The Jews who were taken in the field were immediately shot; the Christians in large numbers went over to the Grigorievists. The rest of those who were taken prisoners spent the night on the battlefield, and in the morning were taken out and sent towards the city. On the way they were met by a detachment with an officer, who made the Christians go apart on one side, the Jews on the other. The Jews were all killed on the spot (at the corner of Sadovaya and Alexandrovskaya streets). The bodies, as well as those killed in the region of the factory, were mangled and mutilated.
At the same time several comrades who -had hidden during the night, and who ventured to come out on Saturday to change their hiding-places, were killed. The bodies were mutilated. Crowds of soldiers searched all corners, and several times
UKRAINE
searched over the field-hospital stations in the region of the sugar- factory, looking for "Jews and communists." As I hid near the factory I heard some Grigorievist soldier-agitators and civilians going from house to house, collecting all the inhabitants and inviting them to the pogrom in town. Throngs of inhabitants were in the square; a great many workmen. Two days later similar agitators, with militiamen and armed soldiers, went around the streets of this region, going into all the houses, and called out the men, demanded a call to arms, and shouted that "We have beaten the Jews, but now we must all defend ourselves." Large military detachments, with the director of the factory at their head, were formed.
(Signature)
XV. A Letter to the Editor of the "Cherkassy Izvestia" '.
COMRADE EDITOR:
In order to make clear to the people and the workers the truth about the personality of Ataman UVAROV and his agents, do not refuse to print the following.
As is now at the present time known to all, Uvarov and his hereafter-mentioned agents have shown themselves provocators, and murderers of innocent people in the cities of Cherkassy, Chigirin, Medvedovsky and others. Besides this they have turned out to be thieves, who have stolen from the deceived and starving workers. Millions of the people's money in the treasury of Cherkassy, which ought to have gone to maintain the detachments, was seized, and almost half of the money received by Uvarov was stolen and appropriated by the following persons:
Ataman Uvarov, 500,000 rubles. Abramov, his chief of staff, 250,000 rubles. Nedelka, treasurer of the division, 150,000 rubles. Andrei Romanovsky, assistant to the treasurer, and his brother, 200,000 rubles. Vasili losifovich Gontkovsky, secretary of the detachment, 100,000 rubles. Adjutant Fedorovsky, 150,000 rubles. Ivan losifovich Gagarin and his son Kostia, 100,000 rubles. Vasili Ivanovich Oziran, 50,000 rubles. Grigori Ivanovich Shramenko, 50,000 rubles. Sergei Ivanovich Vasilievsky, 25,000 rubles. In all, about 1,600,000 rubles.