1!) Mater. to East. Inch. Art. in Russia, A. Savelyeva. Eng. notes of 1853, part XXXX.
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tsami, or other crafts to learn to crawl out and fix the pomushka and him 6b from 100 guards... The regimental marshal is obliged with 5 mounted men to be close to the besiegers, sit in the darkness to repel all sorties and raids by the Zorodovy. Whoever wants to secretly take 10 rods must know every circumstance of the place; he must reduce the width and depth of the ditch, the height of the wall. During a siege, the formation and upon entry into the 10p0d5, you should not sleep, nor melt, but stand firm and not quickly overcome enemies. There are bridges under siege and it must be carried quietly and not noisily.
This charter marked, one might say, the beginning of the theoretical study of the Field Engineering Department in Rosai. But the internal turmoil that worried Russia during the reign of Vasil Toannovich Shuisky, the appearance of impostors, the invasion of the Poles, prevented us from taking advantage of these gifts and giving them further development.
1613 - 1645 After the troubled time of interregnum, the first Sovereign from the House of Romanov, concerned mainly with calming the state and putting the political system in order, did not have the means to even think about introducing those reforms in Field Engineering, which it was undergoing at that time in other states.
1645-1682 All attention of our government, during the reign of Alex Mikhailovich (1645-1676) and Feodor Aleksevich (1676-1682), was paid mainly only to military structures necessary to protect the borders of the State from Sweden, Poland, Turks and Tatars.
That is why, despite the fact that the art of engineering, as we have seen, has been established among us for a long time, there were no special Field Engineering Troops and Russian thoughts, or engineers, before Peter the Great. And this is completely understandable. Since we did not have the correct organization of schools, theoretical training and practical activities in peacetime, the art of engineering, like any other, should have been the property of only a few exceptional individuals and could not become accessible to many.
Brief outline of military command and control systems
Nya, in whose dynasty Engineer was nervous business, and about the troops who carried out responsibilities of the current Engineering Troops before Peter the Great.
Orders. Discharge order. Service people and tens of cities. Defense and siege of cities. Pushkar 1st order.
In order to complete the review of the state of the field Engineering department in Rosai before Peter the Great, I consider it not superfluous to introduce, in the briefest terms, the system of the Military Administration and the troops of that era. Of course, in this case, I will mainly draw attention to the institutions in which the Engineering Department was located and to the troops that performed the duties of the current Sappers.
The first military establishments in Russia were the so-called “orders”. They included not only the entire army of that time and all kinds of armed forces, but also everything related to military structures: construction, repair and protection of fortified cities from the enemy.
The orders, according to the nature of the occupation placed on them, were Razyadnye, Strelckle, Prizhaz Nadvornaya P'hota, Inozemny, Posolskaya, Pushkarskoy, and many others.
1462-1505 According to the time of its establishment, the oldest can be called the Rank Order, established under the 1st Announcement of the PSh. This was the main place of the military establishment in peacetime, in which there were not only the Russian standing army, but also all the serving people!), living in cities (towns), in forts, in siege yards, on forts and hells.
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1) Service people were the nobles and children of the boyars who performed service for the State from the lands granted to them. They were divided into chosen ones nobles and policemen. Service people made up special city regiments, which had their own banner, drums and music.
RE and the arrangement of crossings for troops (which was then called “to fiddle with the paths, to pave bridges”), for the defense and attacks of fortresses, lay with the same service people (later straflets), whose duties were also to fight the enemy in open battle and during sieges of fortresses.
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