by the tribes they ruled, that princely power is hereditary. Even during his lifetime, the prince tries to appoint and approve a successor for himself. Thus, the princely lines are established in one or another land, in their fiefdoms; the lands, for their part, are firmly held by one princely line. From this time on, the interests of the prince and his inheritance became inseparable,
The lands of Polotsk and Smolensk Krivichi were finally distinguished in the first half of the KhPI century. The Smolensk principality emerged with the beginning of the reign of Rostislav Mstislavich. The Principality of Polotsk, as we see it, emerged under Vladimir and was, as far as one can judge from the written records, quite independent. However, we see that Vseslav Bryachislavich spent almost his entire life fighting for the independence of his land, while the EK1ev princes strive to subjugate it. This struggle continues even after Vseslav’s death, with even greater ferocity. The Polotsk land is fragmented into udfls, but they all continue to fight Noev unanimously. The end of this struggle and complete isolation can be considered from 1137, with the return of the Polotsk princes from exile.
Turning to the actual revival of the tribes that inhabited Belarus, and how they formed a state principle, it should be noted that it did not appear in the same way and at the same time among the Smolnyans, Polochans and Dregovichs. Earlier than others, the Polotsy Krivichi developed a state principle, as has already been said. They were followed by Dregovichi with the central city of Turov and later, in the first half of the KhPI century, Smolnyany. Before the manifestation of complete independence of the Smolensk land, that is, before the rule of Prince Rostislav Mstislavich, under whom it first became independent, princes often moved to Smolensk. It is impossible to keep track of their internal activities due to the lack of data, and therefore, in order not to interrupt the story, we will have to limit ourselves to a dry list of the names of the princes during this time.
You almost have to pay too. and with the Turov region.
Having received an independent prince under Vladimir Svato-
86 M. DOVNAR-VAPOLSKY.
Slavich $ - Svyatopolka, Turov for some time played a prominent role between the cities of the Yovlevsky prince. It is usually given to the senior ambassadors of the Grand Duke, the princes, therefore, to the successors of the Grand Duke's table. So, after Svyatopolk G Vladimirovich, the eldest son and successor of Yaroslav, Izyaslav, sat there until 1054, when he occupied the Left Table 5 *). After the death of Yaroslav, the Turovo-Pinsk region remained with Izyaelav; The reason for such an important position of Turov was that at that time Ishim was the main and most important neighbor of Rus'. there was Poland, the closest contact with which took place precisely through the Turov region. Sitting in the border region or owning it, the prince always tried to conclude an alliance with Poland or Hungary, who themselves willingly entered into an alliance with the Russian princes. So we see that Svyatopolk | to receive help from Poland, Izyaslav also went to Poland twice for help; his son, the Great Prince Svyatopolk II, in 1097 entered into an alliance with the Poles against David Igorevich, and took advantage of the help of the Hungarian king Koloman.
At the time of Yaroslavova's death, in Smolensk we see for the first time an independent prince; That was the story of Vyacheslav Yaroslavich, having given birth. drink in 1034 55). He was married to Oda, the daughter of Count Leopold of Stadt" and had one son from her, Boris 56). However, Vyacheslav died soon, 23 years old in 1057; his wife Oda left for her homeland, taking with her Boris, who grew up and educated in Saxony; he came to Rus' only around 1077, when the chronicles mention him. Instead of Vyacheslav, Igor, who had previously reigned in Vladimir in Volhynia, was sent to Somolensk 57). The time of his birth is unknown; we know almost nothing about him, as well as about his predecessor on the Smolensk table. Orlaminskaya decanter, which after him. death in
38) Ipatian lit®topis, pp. 105, 118, 114. 57) Ipat., 114.
EGINNING. XxSH OT. 87
1060 went to Germany and there she married some prince 58).
After the death of Igor (1060), three older princes—the Kev prince Izyaslav, and his brothers Svyatoslav and Vsevolod divided the Smolensk princedom among themselves 53). It seems that this matter should be understood only in the sense of division of income from the country, but not geographically; at least the next one history! I don’t prove this, and besides, in general the Russian princes-_